Vomiting and Diarrhoea (Gastroenteritis)

The most common cause of vomiting and diarrhoea is viral gastroenteritis. The other names commonly used are stomach bug and food poisoning. 

Vomiting and diarrhoea are common in adults, children and babies. This is usually a self-limiting condition meaning that it settles down on its own without any treatment. 

There is no specific treatment for gastroenteritis and the important thing is to drink plenty of fluids to avoid dehydration. Fruit juice and fizzy drinks are not recommended as they can worsen diarrhoea. 

The recommendation is to avoid heavy diet and to have light diet including soup and dry toast. Fluids should be consumed in smaller amounts and more often to prevent nausea and vomiting. 

Paracetamol is available for abdominal pain, cramps and aches. Over the counter Dioralyte and Pedialyte are oral rehydration fluids and are thought to help with symptoms of gastroenteritis. 

It is best to avoid ibuprofen and similar medications as they can aggravate stomach pain. 

Vomiting usually lasts about 24 hours and diarrhoea can last up to 7 days. 

Loperamide or Imodium is available at pharmacies to help with diarrhoea, however, it is advised to be cautious with this as it can cause constipation which can be difficult to manage. Loperamide is not suitable for children under 12 years of age. 

Gastroenteritis is contagious and it is advised to wash hands with soap and water frequently. It is not recommended to prepare food for other people, or to share towels, cutlery or utensils. 

It is advised to stay off school or work until there have not been diarrhoea or vomiting for at least 48 hours.

If the symptoms are severe, or if there is severe abdominal pain, dizziness or fainting, it is advised to see a doctor for more urgent assessment.